Feb 23, · There are numerous theories about how people learn, and one of the most commonly used is Kolb's Learning Style Inventory (LSI), that categorizes learning according to the following broad distinctions: Concrete Experience or considering things substantially the way they are presented; Abstract Conceptualization or considering things as ideas and theories that represent or incorporate what is Oct 07, · THEORIES OF LEARNING OR APPROCHES TO LEARNING 1. BEHAVIORLIST APPROACH Behaviorism, as a learning theory, can be traced back to Aristotle, whose essay “Memory” focused on association being made between events such as lightning and thunder Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is
Learning Theory Essay | Bartleby
Primary research consists of the collection of original primary data. It is often undertaken after the researcher has gained some insight into the issue by reviewing secondary research or essay on learning theories analyzing previously collected primary data. It can be accomplished through various methods, essay on learning theories, including questionnaires and telephone interviews in market research, or experiments and direct observations in the physical sciences, amongst others.
Secondary Research:, essay on learning theories. The term is widely used in medical research and in market research, essay on learning theories. The principal methodology in medical secondary research is the systematic review, commonly using meta-analytic statistical techniques, although other methods of synthesis, like realist reviews and meta-narrative[2] reviews, have been developed in recent years.
Such secondary research uses the primary research of others typically in the form of research publications and reports. Essay on learning theories a market research context, secondary research is taken to include the re-use by a second party of any data collected by a first party or parties. Proficient in: Classical Conditioning.
Am telling you man this writer is absolutely the best. In archaeology and landscape history, desk research is contrasted with fieldwork, essay on learning theories.
Primary Research Vs Secondary Research One of the major differences between the two is that primary research is conducted with the help of primary sources available where as secondary research is conducted on the basis of some data collected from someone who had got it from the sources. Primary research is expensive to conduct since it involves primary sources. But secondary research is not much expensive as primary. Another major difference between the two is that primary research is much more time consuming as compared to secondary research.
As a matter of fact the results found by the primary research are usually to have better quality than those from the conduct of the secondary research. Primary research is also usually detailed and elaborated since it is supposed to be both qualitative as well as quantitative. On the other hand data pertaining to secondary research is usually not much detailed and elaborated since it involves indirect uses.
Primary research is done with a lot of hard work and dedication. On the hand secondary research is usually presented with a number of data and records. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes sociology, psychology, communication, and management; and it complements the academic studies of organizational theory which is focused on organizational and intra-organizational topics and human resource studies which is more applied and business-oriented.
It may also be referred to as organizational studies or organizational science. The field has its roots in industrial essay on learning theories organizational psychology. For instance, one textbook divides these multiple viewpoints into three essay on learning theories modern, symbolic, and postmodern, essay on learning theories.
Whenever people interact in organizations, many factors come into play. Modern organizational studies attempt to understand and model essay on learning theories factors.
Like all modernist social sciences, organizational studies seek to control, predict, and explain. As such, essay on learning theories, organizational behaviour or OB and its cousin, Industrial psychology have at times been accused of being the scientific tool of the powerful.
The process of learning has great value for enriching human life in all spheres of life. All activities and behaviors that make personal, social and economic life peaceful and pleasurable are learned. Learning definitely affects human behaviour in organizations. There is little organizational behaviour that is not either directly or indirectly affected by learning.
Our ability to learn is also important to organizations preoccupied with controlled performance. Employees have to know what they are to do, how they are to do it, how well they are expected to do it, and the consequences of achieving good or poor levels of performance.
Thus, learning theories have influenced a range of organizational practices concerning: 1. The induction of new recruits 2. The design and delivery of job training 3. The design of payment systems- 4. How supervisors evaluate and provide feedback on employee performance 5.
The design of forms of learning organization The concept of the learning organization became popular during the s. The learning organization is a configuration of structures and policies which encourage individual learning, with individual and organizational benefits.
The organization itself can also be regarded as an entity which is capable of learning independently of its members. Knowledge has thus become a more important asset for many organizations than materials and products. We can learn incorrect facts or pick up bad habits in the same way that we learn correct facts and acquire good habits.
It may be noted here that some behavioral changes take place due to the use of drugs, alcohol, or fatigue. Such changes are temporary. Essay on learning theories are not considered learning.
Therefore, changes are due to practice and experience, and relatively permanent, alone are illustrative of learning. In the definition given above, it is clear that the process of learning has certain distinctive characteristics.
These are: First, learning always involves some kind of experience. These experiences may be derived from inside the body or they may be sensory, arising outside. The task of inferring whether or not learning has taken place may be an obvious one, but observable behaviour may not always reveal learning. It is important to distinguish between two types of learning. Second, the behavioral changes that take place due to learning are relatively permanent.
Behaviour can be changed temporarily by many other factors and in ways which we would not essay on learning theories to call learning. These other factors include growing up or maturation in childrenaging in adultsdrugs, alcohol and fatigue.
Each one of these drugs affect physiological functions leading to certain changes in behaviour. Such changes are temporary in nature and disappear as the effect of drugs wears out. Third, learning cannot be observed directly. A distinction has to be made between learning and performance. Performance is evaluated by some quantitative and some qualitative measures of output. But, learning acts as a constraint on the outcome.
Normally, essay on learning theories, we cannot perform any better than we have learned, though there are occasions when the right motivational disposition and a supportive environment help to raise the level of performance. Researchers have found that increased motivation may improve our performance up to a point but, beyond this, increased motivation may cause a lowering of the level of performance.
Prospective employees should be screened to determine that they have the background knowledge or the skills necessary for learning what will be presented to them. Recognition of individual differences in readiness is as important in an organization as it is in any other learning situation.
It is often desirable to group individuals according to their capacity to learn, as determined by scores from tests, or to provide a different or extended type of instruction for those who need it. The other precondition for learning is that the employee be properly motivated, essay on learning theories. That is, for optimum learning the employee must recognize the need for acquiring new information or for having new skills; and a desire to learn as learning progresses must be maintained.
While people at work are motivated by certain common needs, they differ from one another in the relative importance of these needs at any given time. For example, new recruits often have an intense desire for advancement, and have established specific goals for career progression. Objectives that are clearly essay on learning theories will produce increased motivation in the learning process essay on learning theories instructional objectives are related to individual needs.
In addition, facilitators should understand the basic essay on learning theories issues discussed below. It should be arranged so that each successive experience builds upon preceding ones so that the employee is able to integrate the experiences into a useable pattern of knowledge and skills. The material should have face validity. It is generally most effective if it occurs immediately after a task has been performed. Behaviour modification, or a technique that operates on the principle that behaviour that is rewarded positively reinforced will be exhibited more frequently in the future, whereas behaviour that is penalized or unrewarded will decrease in frequency, is often used for such purposes 3.
Furthermore, once formal instruction has been completed, the supervisor must ensure that the work environment supports, reinforces and rewards the employee for applying the new skills or knowledge. Progress, as determined by tests and other records, may be plotted on a chart, essay on learning theories, commonly referred to as a learning curve. Exhibit 8.
Distributed Learning: Another essay on learning theories that determines the effectiveness of learning is the amount of time given to practice in one session. Should training or development be undertaken in five two-hour periods or in 10 one-hour periods? It has been found in most cases that spacing out the activities will result in more rapid learning and more permanent retention. This is the principle of distributed learning.
Since the most efficient distribution will vary according to the type and complexity of the task to be learned, it is desirable to essay on learning theories reference to the rapidly growing body essay on learning theories research in this area when an answer is required for a specific learning situation.
Whole v. Part Learning: Most jobs and tasks can be broken down into parts that lend themselves to further analysis. The analysis of the most effective manner for completing each part then provides a basis for giving specific instruction. Airline flight attendant jobs, for example, involve a combination of mechanistic specific tasks that follow a prescribed routineand organic tasks that involve decision-making and individualized responses duties, which are best learnt separately, and then combined to form the whole job responsibility.
Essay on learning theories, the prescribed takeoff and landing announcements, and formal safety procedures, are supplemented with separate learning activities about how to deal with difficult passengers or how to cope with food supply problems.
In evaluating whole versus part learning, it is necessary to consider the nature of the task to be learned. If the task can be broken down successfully for part learning, it should probably be taught as a unit. Practice and Repetition: It is those things we do daily that become a part of our repertoire of skills. Employees need frequent opportunities to practice their job tasks in the manner in which they will ultimately be expected to perform them.
The individual who is being taught to operate a machine should have an opportunity to practice on it. Similarly, essay on learning theories, the supervisor who is being taught how to train should have supervised practice in training D, essay on learning theories. Multiple Sense Learning: It has long been essay on learning theories that the use of multiple senses increases learning.
Smith and Delahaye state that about 80 per cent of what a person perceives is obtained visually, 11 per cent by hearing and 9 per cent by the other senses combined.
It follows that in order to maximize learning, multiple senses of the employees, particularly sight and hearing, should be engaged.
Theories of learning - 3 learning theories- Behaviorism - Cognitivism - Constructivism with examples
, time: 3:26Learning Theories And Comparison Education Essay
Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is Learning Theories. The idea of how we learn can be described in a multitude of different ways. Andrew Pollard describes learning “as the process by which knowledge, concepts, skills and attitudes are acquired, understood, applied and extended. Children also discover their feeling towards themselves, towards each other and towards learning itself Oct 07, · THEORIES OF LEARNING OR APPROCHES TO LEARNING 1. BEHAVIORLIST APPROACH Behaviorism, as a learning theory, can be traced back to Aristotle, whose essay “Memory” focused on association being made between events such as lightning and thunder
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